Cat bonds central to Pool Re’s overall protection structure: CUO

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Jonathan Gray, Chief Underwriting Officer at Pool Re, the UK’s leading terrorism reinsurer, has emphasised that while its catastrophe bond activity is smaller than the traditional retrocession programme, it remains ‘absolutely central’ to the firm’s risk protection framework.

Regular readers will recall that Pool Re returned to the catastrophe bond market earlier this year with Baltic III, securing £100 million (around US$130 million) of capital markets support for terrorism risk.

This marked the second renewal of its landmark terrorism catastrophe bond and the third issuance in the Baltic series.

In a recent interview with our sister publication, Reinsurance News, Gray underscored the strategic significance of Baltic III, while also discussing broader topics, including the persistent “perception gap” in terrorism reinsurance.

Underlining the use of catastrophe bonds to transfer terrorism risk, the CUO said, “It’s an important vehicle for us to spread risk and protect the taxpayer from significant losses.

“We continue to use traditional retrocession, but we’re essentially at capacity in that market.

“If we’re serious about returning risk to the private sector and distancing the taxpayer from loss, we need to bring in new investors and new forms of capital.

“That’s exactly what the insurance-linked securities (ILS) market allows us to do, and future engagement in the space is definitely on Pool Re’s agenda.”

Gray also noted that, although catastrophe bonds are smaller than the firm’s traditional retrocession programme, it “doesn’t make it any less important.”

He continued, “It sits just beneath the main retrocession layer, so it’s absolutely central to our overall protection structure. “We’re very pleased to have placed Baltic III, and delighted to be back in the catastrophe bond market.”

“It also provides important diversification. This year, not only did Baltic come to market, but our colleagues in France launched their Athena bond, and we’ve also begun to see cyber transactions emerge.

Closing his thoughts on catastrophe bonds, Gray also looked ahead to other areas of risk transfer.

“Over time, I expect other non-natural catastrophe perils will follow. That diversification is something investors are very keen to explore, and from our conversations, it’s clear they see real opportunity in it,” he said.

For more insights from Gray, including the challenges businesses face in obtaining adequate terrorism insurance, you can read the full Reinsurance News interview here.

Pool Re operates as a unique public–private partnership backed by an unlimited HM Treasury loan facility, providing cover for £2.3 trillion of UK assets, spanning businesses of all sizes, from local traders and shopping centres to airports and power grids, across key sectors including real estate, retail, transport, construction, and energy.

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Collateralized reinsurance and innovation – Expanding access to protection and capital: McKeown, Vantage Risk

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With collateralized reinsurance emerging as a key tool for insurers seeking greater flexibility and access to alternative forms of capital, the industry’s focus should be on expanding the overall market for protection, drawing on all types of capital to meet rising demand, Chris McKeown of Vantage Risk told us in an interview.

chris-mckeown-vantageMcKeown, who serves as Chief Executive, Reinsurance, ILS, and Innovation at the firm, discussed with Artemis where he sees the balance between collateralized reinsurance and other alternative capital structures shifting towards in the next few years.

“I think there’s tremendous opportunity when we talk about the “protection gap”, the fact that, globally, we still don’t sell enough protection against catastrophic events or risk in general. It’s human nature to put on blinders a bit when it comes to what could happen, and unfortunately, that tendency carries over into our industry,” McKeown said.

“We all have an opportunity to grow the market for protection. The question is whether there’s enough balance sheet capital to keep pace in order to continue providing products that meet that growing need. Maybe there isn’t, but that’s where innovation can play a role.”

The executive told Artemis that he believes more of that innovation will stem from insurance-linked securities (ILS) structures, investors and vehicles that are willing to take on new kinds of risk and push into new products or business models.

“Parametric products are a key example,” McKeown said. “They haven’t quite taken off yet, but they illustrate what’s possible: a simpler, more user-friendly way to buy protection.

“Instead of filing a claim and waiting for an adjuster, a customer could receive a payout automatically if a defined event like a certain amount of rainfall or wind speed occurs. That kind of innovation, supported by ILS capital, could really help expand the overall market.”

McKeown also states that a large batch of investors are sophisticated in their own use of artificial intelligence (AI) and modeling, affirming that they’re asking the right questions that are tackling product innovation that addresses risks more efficiently.

In fact, McKeown stressed that those conversations with ILS investors are highly important and serve as a real catalyst for change and growth across the industry.

“That said, I think we’ll see more affiliated, or hybrid models emerge. Models that bring in collateral to support portfolios, either by fronting for collateralized reinsurers or by partnering with them directly. In some cases, that might even displace the rated carrier altogether, allowing capital to flow more directly to MGAs or other distribution partners. We’re already seeing examples of E&S carriers and MGAs receiving direct support from ILS-backed security or similar structures,” the executive added.

“Overall, I think this is a growing and evolving market, one that’s serving as a catalyst for us to think differently about how to grow the overall pie. Whether that growth comes at the expense of traditional reinsurance or cat bonds isn’t really the point. The goal should be expanding the total market for protection, and to do that, we’ll need to continue accessing all types of capital as we move forward.”

Moving forward, McKeown shared Vantage Risk’s views on AI, and whether the technology is a major priority for the firm going forward.

“It’s a broad topic, but we’ve fully embraced and worked to understand the applications of AI. From day one, we’ve been very deliberate in how we build and structure our data so that it can be cleanly interrogated over time and in the future.

“We’re fully cloud-based, and of our 360 people, about 80 to 85 are focused on data, analytics, and technology – data engineers, data scientists, and data technicians. Their role is to ensure our data remains accessible and usable, whether by humans or machines, as the business evolves,” McKeown said.

“That’s been a major focus for us. Because one of the biggest challenges with legacy systems is that the data they contain, even if it exists, often can’t be accessed or used meaningfully. You might have the machines, but if the data isn’t clean, you’re not going to get the right answers. So, we’ve invested heavily in getting that foundation right,” the executive added.

McKeown explained to Artemis that Vantage is continuously exploring applications of large language models in order to understand how they can enhance the firm’s own operations and how they’ll be incorporated into the broader market.

“We’ve already embedded several AI initiatives internally, particularly around data management and technology enablement, but we haven’t launched anything outward-facing as a commercial carrier just yet,” McKeown said.

“That said, we believe this is fundamentally a relationship-driven business. It requires people to talk to people. Having better, richer information is a huge advantage, but AI isn’t going to replace the core functions of underwriting or the human dialogue with brokers and clients that underpins those decisions. So, our focus with AI, and with all of our technology initiatives, is really about empowerment, arming our curious, experienced, and intellectually driven underwriters with better tools and insights to make smarter decisions, and to explain those decisions clearly to their counterparties.”

To conclude, we asked McKeown to outline what he feels are the biggest challenges and opportunities within the ILS space today.

“One interesting trend we’re seeing is a shift in investor behaviour. Initially, many investors entered the catastrophe space opportunistically, they saw a year where rates were high, modeled returns looked attractive, and liquidity was available through instruments like catastrophe bonds.

“Naturally, they pursued those opportunities. But now we’re hearing a different question from our investors: ‘How can we ensure continued access to this business over time?’

“That’s where the affiliated model (the one we operate under) becomes important. We have a balance sheet business, a core insurance operation that our 360 staff are deeply committed to. When we see market opportunities, we can bring in partnership capital to participate. But if those opportunities dry up because of market competition or shifts in buying behaviour, we’re not dependent solely on fees. Our model combines underwriting income with fee income, and that’s what makes Vantage unique,” McKeown concludes.

Read all of our interviews with ILS market and reinsurance sector professionals here.

Collateralized reinsurance and innovation – Expanding access to protection and capital: McKeown, Vantage Risk was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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Nephila leadership: Six years into Markel Group ownership, platform has evolved materially

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In an exclusive interview, Co-Founder Greg Hagood and Chief Investment Officer Jessica Laird of Nephila Capital, one of the world’s largest and longest-standing insurance-linked securities (ILS) managers, told Artemis that during the past six years of Markel Group ownership, the Nephila business is a “materially enhanced platform offering a broader suite of investment portfolios for its investors.”

nephila-capital-jessica-laird-greg-hagoodMarkel Group, a financial holding company with businesses across many diverse industries, completed the acquisition of Nephila in 2018.

With more than six years having passed since the acquisition, and Markel Group’s partnership being fully established with Nephila, it felt like a good time to speak with the firm about the changes to the platform.

“Markel’s strategy with acquisitions is closely aligned with Berkshire Hathaway, where they buy operating companies and let them run independently, while providing the parent resources necessary to help the acquired business thrive,” said Hagood, co-CEO of Nephila Holdings.

“Which means Nephila has kept its brand, independence and disrupter culture, yet has more tools at its disposal to enhance investor portfolios. Specifically, through Markel we gain access to a balance sheet for maximum capital efficiency in portfolio construction and for clear and timely liquidity solutions to side pockets & trapped collateral. Both tools are offered at in-house, strategic pricing levels that make economic sense for Markel, but also benefit investors versus what is available in the 3rd party market.”

Expanding on the support of Markel Group, Jessica Laird , told Artemis that to her knowledge, the firm’s structure is unique in the ILS space.

“Independent ILS mangers don’t have stable access to a parent balance sheet, which could impact their capacity, increase costs and limit the ultimate value provided to end investors. Traditional reinsurers have multiple constituents to serve, including rating agencies, equity capital and also off-balance sheet investors.

“Nephila is unique in being a true fiduciary and independently run, but with all the in-house resources of a rated reinsurer, which positions us optimally to serve our investors.

“We don’t write any catastrophe reinsurance for Markel and Markel doesn’t write catastrophe reinsurance at all. Thus, we don’t compete in the market or have any potential conflicts to manage.”

“We only act on behalf of our investors, as a true fiduciary. Yet we have the benefits of an integrated balance sheet for leverage in portfolio construction, with the ability to deliver fair & timely liquidity when investors want to leave,” explained Hagood. “In short, we believe investors like the attributes of a side car, but the fiduciary obligation of an ILS manager.”

Regular Artemis readers will be aware that since Markel Group’s acquisition, Nephila’s assets under management (AUM) have decreased, (although AUM is still sizeable at $7 billion as at September 30th, 2024) and the pair offered some insights into why this has occurred.

“In part this is related to the 2017-2022 catastrophe events that affected performance, where investors retreated from the ILS sector. However, assets under management is just not as relevant of a metric for us today, as our portfolios incorporate much more capital efficiency and leverage than pre-acquisition, allowing us to write more risk for our investors with less capital,” said Hagood.

Expanding on this, Laird said, “For example, the notional reinsurance limit we write today is larger than it was in 2018, when Markel acquired Nephila and AUM was at its peak. Our revenues are higher today as well, even though headline AUM is down ~ 40% since 2018.

Hagood further explained, “We understand that AUM is the metric league tables track, but our model has shifted to a balance sheet approach with more leverage and thus we need less capital to service our portfolios. Markel cares about revenues and profits, our trading counterparties care about our capacity in the market and Nephila cares about delivering the most value to investors, not having the highest AUM.”

Hagood added that, “Nephila is managing capacity tightly going into 2026.”

Since the acquisition, Nephila has also successfully expanded its non-catastrophe business, and Hagood and Laird stressed that Markel’s ownership and relationship has been instrumental in this success.

“They have a large involvement in our Climate business, where we partner with their expansive underwriting operation for distribution and balance-sheet access for various insurance lines relevant to the global transition to net zero. We also share various risks with them in our Specialty insurance business run out of our Lloyd’s of London platform. Both of these businesses are growing and are larger today than they were pre-acquisition,” Hagood explained.

To end, we asked the pair for their thoughts on the state of ILS today and how Nephila views the market.

“Obviously, cat bonds are mainly top layers and performed well during the tricky period of 2017-2022, and this happened to coincide with institutional investors increased need for liquidity in general. Cat bonds have thus been in favor. This approach has worked well and continues to be attractive on a standalone basis for investors,” said Laird. “That said, a lot of capital has flowed to that segment of the market and our view is there is a materially increased expected return available outside of cat bonds, for similar risk levels, for investors who can stomach 12 month liquidity instead of monthly.”

Hagood added, “We primarily work with existing and new investors on the best ways to harvest this incremental return and we currently see the difference in expected return for comparable risk levels are near historically high levels.

“Also, getting investors to consider these portfolio options has become easier since we now have simple solutions for liquidity when investors want to exit. With the uncertainty of trapped collateral addressed, investors can fully understand the trade-offs and make informed decisions on which approach works best for their needs.”

Read all of our interviews with ILS market and reinsurance sector professionals here.

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Casualty ILS growth calls for built-in legacy exit strategies: Augment Risk’s Jass

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As the insurance-linked securities (ILS) market continues to evolve, one of the most significant emerging areas is casualty ILS, and Jag Jass, Partner, Retrospective at reinsurance broker Augment Risk, argues that every casualty ILS transaction should also include built-in exit options with the legacy market to help expand and deepen that base.

Jag Jass Augment RiskSpeaking to Artemis, Jass discussed what he believes the ILS sector can do to help support legacy players, both from a reserve risk standpoint and in terms of capital deployment.

“So, for us now, one of the biggest things in the industry at the moment is the emergence of casualty ILS. And if you look at what casualty ILS does, it is a way for investors to offset any property cat exposure or invest in a non-correlated asset by utilizing the float from longer term lines,” Jass explained.

“And fundamentally, we look at that in two main areas. I know Enstar touched on this with the forward exit option they put together, but on the back of every single casualty ILS transaction, we should be packaging up an exit option with the legacy market and growing that base, subsequently improving IRRs. It will allow that industry to grow. It will provide more risk capital to the industry, and it’ll provide a clean exit for the capital markets,” he added.

Taking it even further, Jass suggested that if you’re investor ready and looking at a casualty ILS portfolio with a tail of five to 10 years, primarily on lines like comp, GL, and you get comfortable with the risk exposure there, why wouldn’t you consider a legacy portfolio?

“You look at the permanent capital that has entered the industry in the form of private equity and other large institutional investors, in my opinion, there may not be a huge demand for that going forward, considering valuations of legacy reinsurers and the capitally intensive nature of the business , which is no secret,” he continued.

In terms of capital usage, Jass referenced how the hurricane season of 1992 catalysed the growth of property catastrophe and ILS and suggested that legacy in ILS could follow a similar path.

“But how do we bring ILS capital into the legacy space and almost say, look, if we can partner with some true capital markets and true institutional investors who are looking at a legacy book, able to diligence it, get comfortable with the exposure, they get the immediacy of the reserves to utilize the investment income, and they act as a nice alternative to some of the traditional players. And that’s not to say the traditional players aren’t doing a great job. That competition is always ripe.

“Off the back of that, if you’re an ILS investor in legacy, you underwrite the deal, after two-three years, you take on the exposure for four years, you earn the investment income on the float, and then once you’re in the real tail end of the business, a legacy buyer can come in and say, okay, we’ll novate this book off you. And we’ll utilize the claims management; we’ll take your operational burden. Again, it’s really factoring it in as part of the overall ecosystem.”

Of course, it all comes down to completing that first deal and creating momentum that could pave the way for similar transactions to follow.

As Jass explained, Augment Risk’s ILS team includes exit options through the company’s legacy platform in all the deals they place

“So, when we take legacy transactions out to market, we look at it in three different areas: traditional markets, your legacy markets, , and then you have the ILS markets. All three of these separate areas are going to carry different return hurdles and different metrics. So, there’ll be different views of risk, there’ll be different ways of structuring things.

“Now, personally, I know we speak about syndication in the legacy market all the time, but I am not sure it will happen. And mainly because, if you look at the bedrock of it, a lot of reinsurers want claims control, a lot of them want to alleviate the operational burden. And second to that, if you can go out and write a $100 million plus transaction, your shareholders may say, why do you want to share the risk? If we’re comfortable with the exposure, why wouldn’t we take this?”

Jass further explained how ILS can support legacy players from a reserve risk standpoint.

“If you look at a legacy players ca capital model, I imagine majority of this is their reserve risk. If you can bring in the casualty ILS market, and say look, we have the immediacy of the reserves here for you to earn a return on, it may be beneficial from a cost of capital standpoint

“It provides the legacy player with a capital benefit, and for the ILS market, it provides them with a consistent return on a seasoned book of reserves that they can get comfortable with.”

Jass concluded by highlighting the importance of the coming years for the convergence of ILS and legacy.

“The next three to five years, in my opinion, I think we’re going to see a real emergence of the ILS market in legacy. I think there’s going to be more participation. Enstar seem to be the market maker in some of these solutions, and with the forward exit option, I think that will become the norm. I think they would have become far more comfortable with greener risk, with more live underwriting, and you’re going to see things where you have trapped capital on property ILS transactions, where legacy can be used as a capital arbitrage tool to provide upfront liquidity to some of their cedents.”

Read all of our interviews with ILS market and reinsurance sector professionals here.

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SV SparkassenVersicherung eyes future cat bonds after Liongate Re debut: CFO

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SV SparkassenVersicherung (SV) is setting its sights on future catastrophe bond activity after making its market debut earlier this year with the $100 million Liongate Re DAC issuance, a landmark deal co-sponsored with Japan’s Zenkyoren.

According to SV Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Roland Oppermann, the transaction not only overcame long-standing barriers for the regional German insurer but also paved the way for future capital markets engagement.

As Artemis previously reported, the debut Liongate Re DAC catastrophe bond was successfully priced and finalised to provide Japanese mutual Zenkyoren with $100 million in aggregate earthquake reinsurance on an indemnity trigger basis, while also providing a source of German parametric triggered quake reinsurance cover for SV SparkassenVersicherung.

Speaking to Artemis, Oppermann described how the German regional insurer overcame pricing, reputation, and structural hurdles by collaborating with Zenkyoren, Japan’s largest mutual insurer, to co-sponsor a joint cat bond.

Firstly, we asked Oppermann to explain what the key drivers behind SV’s decision were to sponsor its first catastrophe bond.

“It didn’t come suddenly. We had been thinking about issuing a catastrophe bond for quite some time. I’ve been with SV for eleven years now, and I think we seriously considered it three times during that period,” Oppermann said.

“Each time, we ended up not pursuing it because we saw a significant price gap between traditional reinsurance and issuing a cat bond, especially in Europe. That gap tends to be larger here than in the U.S. or Asia.”

A key factor that Oppermann highlighted is that SV didn’t have a reputation in the capital markets, and there’s often an additional cost associated with being new sponsor.

“So, we asked ourselves: is there a way to do this together with a well-established partner? We had some experience in the Japanese market already and were looking for partners on the traditional reinsurance side. That’s when we began discussions with Zenkyoren,” the CFO went on.

“Initially, we talked about exchanging risk: they would take on our earthquake exposure and we would take on theirs. That would have given both of us diversification. But from a regulatory perspective, Japanese mutuals aren’t allowed to sign foreign risks, so that idea wasn’t feasible.”

“Still, the conversations with Zenkyoren continued, and we realized there were a lot of similarities between our organizations. They are restricted to operating in Japan; we’re restricted to a part of Germany. So, both of us have high concentration risk and little geographic diversification. They come from the mutual insurance space; we come from the public sector insurance side and are not publicly listed as well. But we share a similar mindset, both are very traditional, very conservative institutions.

“So that sparked the idea of working together, and ultimately led to what I think is a very innovative joint bond.”

We’ve previously explained that this new cat bond is innovative for two reasons. Firstly, as we understand it is the only catastrophe bond to ever provide parametric earthquake protection covering risks in Germany and a very rare European parametric quake deal in catastrophe bond, or similar, format.

Secondly, is the way it has provided a shared limit for two ceding beneficiaries, one being Japanese mutual Zenkyoren, the second being SV SparkassenVersicherung with that reinsurance limit also being shared across an indemnity aggregate cover and a parametric cover as well.

“Zenkyoren has one of the largest reinsurance programs for elemental perils globally, and they have a lot of experience in issuing catastrophe bonds. Their Nakama Re series is a well-established structure in the market,” Oppermann further explained.

“The concept was that we would effectively replace part of their Nakama Re bond. The risk profile that Zenkyoren would have issued in Nakama Re, we took over in a traditional reinsurance contract from them. We then placed that same risk profile into our bond and added our own earthquake risk in Germany.”

“The bond includes two risk components. Zenkyoren’s Japanese risk, which is structured on an indemnity basis, and our German earthquake risk, which we chose to structure parametrically.”

The CFO continued: “We went with a parametric model because we wanted to make the cat bond easier for investors to assess. Since this was our first issuance, we didn’t want to overwhelm the ILS community with complexity. Parametric structures tend to be well understood and well-liked by cat bond investors. They offer transparency and simplicity.”

Oppermann believes the partnership route could appeal to other insurers in a similar position.

“This structure was a win-win: for us, for Zenkyoren, and for investors. It may be a model for how smaller insurers can enter the ILS space, by teaming up, aligning risk, and presenting something that’s both innovative and familiar.”

The Liongate Re DAC catastrophe bond also arrived amid broader conversations in Germany about insuring against elemental perils, particularly in the wake of major flood events like Bernd. Should mandatory coverage be introduced, SV sees potential to extend its ILS involvement.

“If the market needs more reinsurance capacity, we’re now better positioned,” Oppermann said.

“We’ve built the relationships, we understand the process, and we’re no longer new to the capital market.”

And finally, Oppermann revealed to Artemis whether there are other perils that SV might consider covering in future ILS transactions.

“Yes, we’re certainly considering that. In Germany, there’s an ongoing political discussion about introducing mandatory insurance for elemental perils. Events like the Ahr flood, which was one of the largest heavy rainfall disasters in Europe, highlighted just how underinsured the country is for those risks,” the CFO explained.

“For us, it’s good that we already have a first step into the ILS market. If that demand for reinsurance materialises, we’re in a position to return to the capital markets, potentially placing elemental perils as part of our program,” he concluded.

As a reminder, you can read all about this new Liongate Re DAC catastrophe bond and every other cat bond deal in the extensive Artemis Deal Directory.

Read all of our interviews with ILS market and reinsurance sector professionals here.

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ILS Is fundamental to market evolution and growth: McKeown, Vantage Risk

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In a rapidly evolving re/insurance landscape, Vantage Risk is positioning itself at the forefront of innovation and adaptability, particularly in the insurance-linked securities (ILS) space.

chris-mckeown-vantageSpeaking with Artemis, Chris McKeown, Chief Executive, Reinsurance, ILS, and Innovation, at Vantage Risk, outlined how the firm is approaching capital deployment, navigating current market dynamics, and leveraging ILS to drive sustainable, long-term growth.

The firm has deployed a substantial amount of its $1.5bn partnership capital raise, and expects to deploy remaining capacity of appx. $100 million over the next month. According to McKeown, the firm’s strategy has been shaped by both opportunity and caution.

“We’re ahead of where we were last year,” McKeown said. “The reinsurance market is front-loaded, with most opportunities appearing between January and July. We’ve maintained a focus on demand-driven, customized solutions that differentiate us in an increasingly crowded marketplace.”

A key part of this deployment includes a deliberate allocation to aggregate structures, where underwriting discipline is paramount, and these structures help craft a more diversified investment portfolio.

“These structures require more robust analysis than traditional per-occurrence products. That’s where our data and analytics capabilities provide real advantage, with approximately a quarter of our colleagues devoted to driving insights for underwriters,” McKeown added.

This tailored approach helps Vantage stay competitive, especially in a softening market.

“As supply grows, we need to be more creative with our portfolio. We’re focused on delivering large capacity and swift execution through bespoke deals that meet specific client needs,” McKeown said.

McKeown emphasized that ILS is not just an ancillary part of Vantage’s strategy, it’s foundational to the firm’s future.

“We see ILS as absolutely fundamental to how the market continues to evolve and grow,” he said.

“It gives us access to more capital and supports product development, it brings transparency, promotes product innovation, and disciplines the P&L through frequent and rigorous investor reporting.”

ILS also offers access to deep, scalable capital that may not be available through traditional reinsurance channels during times of market stress. “That kind of capital, when properly managed, allows us to develop new products and extend coverage in ways that wouldn’t be possible relying solely on our balance sheet,” McKeown added.

He cited Vantage’s use of Bermuda’s segregated cell technology as an example of the structural innovation that ILS makes possible. “These structures have helped push the entire market toward greater operational efficiency and clarity.”

Moreover, McKeown acknowledged that while margins in the property catastrophe space have come down slightly since 2023, investor appetite for ILS remains strong, provided the value proposition is clear.

“ILS remains non-correlating and provides tail protection in an investor’s portfolio,” he said.

“Given the diversifying nature of re/insurance, it almost always makes sense to have some allocation to this asset strategy, even in parts of the market cycle where we may see softening pricing.”

More importantly, Vantage is seeing increased interest from investors in other lines of business.

“We’ve had a lot of discussions around expanding into marine, energy, aviation, and cyber. These areas offer different market cycles and return expectations, which can help balance an investor’s exposure beyond just property cat,” McKeown explained.

Ultimately, McKeown sees flexibility and alignment as core tenets of Vantage’s ILS strategy.

“We’re not just an asset-gathering platform. We’re here to ensure that every line of business we write delivers a return that resonates with investors,” McKeown concludes.

Read all of our interviews with ILS market and reinsurance sector professionals here.

ILS Is fundamental to market evolution and growth: McKeown, Vantage Risk was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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ILS appetite grows for EU aggregate cat cover as cedants seek earnings protection: Gallagher Re’s Dowlen

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European insurers are increasingly revisiting aggregate catastrophe cover to protect against high-frequency events, with alternative capital providers showing greater interest in supporting these structures, according to Hamish Dowlen, Managing Director and Head of EMEA at Gallagher Re.

Dowlen spoke to Artemis about the renewed demand for frequency protection across Europe, the evolution of reinsurer strategies in response, and how insurance-linked securities (ILS) markets are identifying aggregate structures as an area of growing opportunity, particularly as cedants grapple with elevated retentions and a multi-peril environment.

“Increasingly, we’re having conversations with clients who say: if the frequency in any one year gets to a level where we’re having to retain that kind of per-event loss again and again, then we’re very interested in buying something that will cap that,” Dowlen said.

He noted that the supply of aggregate capacity had declined in recent years, but market conditions are shifting.

“In the last few years, a lot of those aggregate covers fell by the wayside, either because the structures were no longer sustainable, or the pricing wasn’t at a level that cedants found acceptable. But now, we’re in a situation where the market has become a little more flexible. We’ve identified solutions that are placeable.”

While the resurgence in demand spans much of the continent, the German-speaking markets remain a focal point.

“Germany, Austria, and Switzerland traditionally bought more aggregate cover than other European markets. So they’ll be particularly interested in what’s available going forward,” Dowlen explained.

Asked about ILS involvement in these structures, Dowlen confirmed a growing role for alternative capital.

“Yes, we absolutely do see growing interest. I think all reinsurers, both traditional and ILS, are assessing where they want to play in the European markets, and aggregate is an area where they see the chance to differentiate themselves.”

While he does not expect ILS to dominate, Dowlen sees it as an important complement.

“I don’t believe ILS will become the dominant force in the European aggregate market, but I do think there’s an opportunity for it to play a greater role. I expect that will grow over the next few years.”

He also stressed that traditional capacity remains active and committed.

“There’s still a lot of traditional capacity out there from European reinsurers, as well as from Bermuda and London. Those reinsurers are very keen to participate on a traditional basis.”

Dowlen added that reinsurers are rethinking how best to support clients in today’s risk environment.

“Reinsurers are starting to look at how they can be more relevant to clients in Europe, how they can be meaningful to them and address the additional concerns they’re facing,” Dowlen concluded.

Read all of our interviews with ILS market and reinsurance sector professionals here.

ILS appetite grows for EU aggregate cat cover as cedants seek earnings protection: Gallagher Re’s Dowlen was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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Rather than reinventing the wheel, ILS must refine and scale: Apex’s D’Cunha

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Investor appetite for insurance-linked securities (ILS) continues to grow, but the asset class must evolve structurally to sustain momentum, address friction points like trapped capital, and engage a broader investor base, according to Rudy D’Cunha, Global Head of Insurance Services at Apex Group.

Rudy D'Cunha Apex GroupDuring a recent interview with Artemis, D’Cunha shared his perspective on how the market is maturing, where innovation is focused, and what it will take to unlock the next wave of capital.

“What ILS has done extremely well is the marriage of capital markets and insurance risk,” says D’Cunha, who has observed a healthy uptick in ILS growth and investor diversification over the past three years.

“The ILS market has seen healthy growth over the past three years, gaining more investor attention and capital inflows. There’s a mix of traditional investors who remain committed and optimistic, and new entrants, particularly family offices, attracted by the diversification benefits. Despite earlier volatility, the market has proven resilient, offering solid returns and presenting an attractive alternative in today’s uncertain macroeconomic climate.”

As capital flows broaden, so too does the appetite for more customised investment vehicles.

According to D’Cunha, structures like sidecars, quota shares, and managed accounts are gaining relevance as institutional investors seek greater control and alignment with their risk preferences.

“Yes, all of these structures continue to be relevant and are actively used. Traditional structures like funds and sidecars remain the standard and reliable mechanisms for capital deployment. However, managed accounts are seeing increased interest, particularly from larger investors seeking bespoke portfolios and more control over exposures.

“There is also a growing curiosity around digital assets as a potential capital source, though this remains largely untapped. While digital asset-backed structures haven’t yet gained meaningful traction in ILS, many industry participants are monitoring developments closely, recognizing that as use cases mature, this could represent a significant pool of alternative capital.”

D’Cunha also notes that the expansion of the asset class beyond property catastrophe risk is a key trend, with areas such as casualty, cyber, life, MGAs, parametric covers, and Lloyd’s syndicates gaining traction

“In addition to new sources of capital there are additional exposure segments being added to the existing Property Cat offerings namely Casualty, Cyber, MGAs, Life, Parametric, Lloyds Syndicates etc. all gaining substantial interest in recent years,” he explained.

“Innovation in capital structures is currently focused on extending and adapting these established models to meet the needs of a broader and more diverse investor base. Rather than reinventing the wheel, the market is working to refine and scale tried-and-tested formats to improve access, customization, and efficiency,” D’Cunha continued.

“Ultimately, the flexibility of these structures, particularly managed accounts, offers investors the ability to allocate capital in a way that aligns more closely with their individual risk appetite and strategic objectives, which is critical in today’s market environment.”

When asked what structural changes are needed to help make ILS capital more efficient, particularly in regards to trapped capital, D’Cunha stated: “Trapped capital remains a persistent issue in ILS. While some solutions are being explored like multi year contracts, accelerated contract commutations, fronting, etc. completely eliminating trapped capital is unlikely due to the fundamental nature of reinsurance contracts.

“The key is to better manage the timing of loss evaluations and payouts without altering core contract mechanics.”

To unlock more consistent capital inflows, D’Cunha stresses the need for education, transparency, and risk management.

“Greater awareness and education are essential, especially among younger investors as well as intermediaries who might overlook ILS in favour of flashier assets like crypto. Diversification should be a key component for portfolios and ILS as an asset class can offer just that. Industry events help, but more proactive outreach and transparency are needed,” D’Cunha said.

“As a service provider, at Apex we continue to significantly invest in newer technology to provide our clients and their clients greater transparency and efficiency. Risk management is also crucial; protecting downside risk, even at the expense of some returns, will build trust and encourage long-term investment,” he further explained.

New tools like blockchain-based smart contracts and tokenization may also play a role.

“Using blockchain for smart contracts, thoughtful ESG and impact investing alignment, and allowing for fractional ownership via tokenization can also be a step in the right direction,” D’Cunha added.

Lastly, D’Cunha explains how he see’s ILS managers adapting to a more complex landscape through data, infrastructure, and collaboration, especially in global ILS hubs.

“Managers are becoming more sophisticated, with better data and tools for risk modelling and capital deployment. Larger, established managers benefit from scale and infrastructure, while emerging managers need support, often provided by ecosystems like Bermuda, Cayman Islands and Luxembourg.

“Newer managers are trying to compete with larger managers, they have to understand that they’re competing with people who have years of operational history, infrastructure, and technology. One of the things Bermuda has been really good at is supporting a lot of the new managers in that space, having the right professionals, a wide support group.”

“Established managers are often locked into how they’ve been doing things, while new entrants can spot gaps and move quickly. However, it really depends on the stage the manager is at, whether they’re new or traditional, but in both cases, the investment in time, infrastructure, and identifying market gaps is what really makes the difference,” D’Cunha concludes.

Read all of our interviews with ILS market and reinsurance sector professionals here.

Rather than reinventing the wheel, ILS must refine and scale: Apex’s D’Cunha was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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Institutional investors get ‘fair slice’ of specialty risk via Accelerant’s Risk Exchange: CEO

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Since launching its Risk Exchange platform in 2023, Accelerant Holdings has positioned itself as a conduit between institutional capital and specialty insurance risk, offering what CEO Jeff Radke describes as one of the few opportunities for investors to gain “a fair slice of the whole book of business.”

Jeff Radke, Accelerant CEOIn a recent interview with Artemis, Radke outlined how the Risk Exchange, initially unveiled as part of Accelerant’s broader capital strategy, continues to evolve as a core mechanism for connecting investor capital with underwriting-led portfolios, while maintaining transparency and balance in risk sharing.

Unlike traditional models that cede only volatile layers, Accelerant’s Risk Exchange is built on pro-rata participation, allowing capital providers access to the full range of risks across its member MGAs.

“From the very beginning, Accelerant had this notion of the risk exchange where instead of acting like normal insurance companies, what we were going to be is this platform where capital can access the risk. From the very beginning that was the case,” Radke told Artemis.

Accelerant’s Capital Markets team was deliberately built to support this model, with a deep bench of structuring and insurance-linked securities (ILS) experience.

“So, we built our team around that theory. So, speaking for myself, I’ve been involved in a number of insurance securitizations, a number of cat bonds and a number of cat swaps,” Radke explained.

He pointed to the backgrounds of CFO Jay Green, formerly a senior figure on Goldman Sachs’ insurance-linked securities team, and Capital Markets lead Peter Shen, as key to Accelerant’s capital strategy.

“Why the Capital Markets team? Why did we build it that way? Because we believe that institutional investors participate in innovative ways, whether they be sidecars, which aren’t very innovative, they’re pretty inefficient, but we’re working on much better ways to do it,” Radke said.

He continued: “London Bridge is probably an improvement over a standard side car. But we’ve done a number of sidecars. We think London Bridge is in our future, and we’re working on other structures where institutional capital can come in and access that zero beta underwriting risk that is so valuable.

“And I guess what I would say is, Accelerant is one of the few spots, the Risk Exchange is one of the few places where the institutional investor is getting a fair slice of the whole book of business.”

What sets Accelerant apart, Radke argues, is its commitment to fairness and transparency in how risk is shared. “We’re not trying to cut off our volatility and just send the excess of loss exposure out,” he said.

“We’re not trying to just cede our most volatile business. What we’ve said to all of our risk capital partners, but especially the institutional investors, is you’re going to be offered an opportunity to participate across the whole book of business. A fair slice.

“And I don’t know of another place where institutional investors can get a fair slice of this low volatility speciality business. And that’s what makes it so unique, and that’s what makes it so valuable to the institutional investors,” he continued.

To further facilitate institutional investor participation, Accelerant launched Flywheel Re in August 2022, a $175 million reinsurance sidecar designed to provide multi-year risk capital to its underwriting-led specialist members.

Flywheel Re represents Accelerant’s first move to bring capital markets into its capacity provision, with institutional investors backing the sidecar.

“Flywheel is, in the vernacular, one of the sidecar reinsurance companies that we’ve created,” Radke explained.

Concluding: “Institutional investors can’t reinsure directly of course because they don’t have a license. So, what you have to do is you have to create a reinsurance company that can ensure various insurance companies, and you fund that with those institutional investors’ monthly funds. So, the capital from institutional investors comes into Flywheel, and then Flywheel supports the Risk Exchange.”

Find details of numerous reinsurance sidecar investments and transactions in our directory of collateralized reinsurance sidecars transactions.

Institutional investors get ‘fair slice’ of specialty risk via Accelerant’s Risk Exchange: CEO was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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157 Re reinsurance sidecar improves our capabilities: Arundo Re’s Montador

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In an interview with Artemis, Laurent Montador, Deputy CEO of French reinsurer Arundo Re, discussed the recent renewal and launch of the seventh sidecar in the 157 Re series of deals, stating that it enhances the company’s capability to allocate more capacity in targeted areas while strengthening alignment with investors.

Now in its seventh vintage, the company has sponsored a 157 Re reinsurance sidecar annually since 2019.

“The sidecar improves our capabilities to put more capacity in the area that we want, and the investors are in the same shoes as us, which is good for them and us to have a complete alignment of interest,” explained Montador.

The Deputy CEO noted that Arundo Re introduced key improvements to the 157 Re sidecar this year.

“We have worked a lot with the French commissioners and with the investors to improve the product and to improve its liquidity,” he said. “Avoiding, as much as possible, the trapped capital potential, which is good.”

The company sought to further optimise the structure, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of the collateralised capacity and retrocessional protection it provides.

Montador also highlighted Arundo Re’s distinctive role in the French market, noting that it remains the only company currently offering this type of sidecar structure.

“I don’t know why there isn’t more traction from other companies, but there is definitely a plan with the Treasury to make Paris a good place internationally for ILS business,” he said.

While acknowledging the more established infrastructure in Bermuda, Montador remains optimistic about France’s growing presence in the ILS market.

“I don’t think it would be as easy as what is now in Bermuda, with a clear infrastructure for many years, but it’s the beginning of something and we advocate that to the French Treasury,” he stated. “French Politics has been quite a bit difficult to follow in recent years, but it’s coming. We have shown and proved that it is possible with our successful 157 Re sidecar.”

Montador further explained that Arundo Re’s natural catastrophe exposure is ceded proportionally through the 157 Re sidecar, with claims taken only when they exceed EUR 5 million at the company’s share.

He added, “There is a specific commission which takes that into account, in order to give back some money to us to take into account the losses not greater than EUR 5 million.”

In 2022, Arundo Re announced a 22% increase in the size of its 157 Re sidecar and the addition of a new investor. The following year, the sidecar grew by over 40%, with another new investor.

In 2024, the firm stated it had taken “full advantage of its 157 Re platform to consolidate its growth trajectory.”

While the exact size of the issuances has never been disclosed, 157 Re has become a core retrocession and partnership capital structure for its sponsor.

Further details on each 157 Re sidecar issues can be found in our directory of reinsurance sidecar transactions.

157 Re reinsurance sidecar improves our capabilities: Arundo Re’s Montador was published by: www.Artemis.bm
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